BCSSS

International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics

2nd Edition, as published by Charles François 2004 Presented by the Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science Vienna for public access.

About

The International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics was first edited and published by the system scientist Charles François in 1997. The online version that is provided here was based on the 2nd edition in 2004. It was uploaded and gifted to the center by ASC president Michael Lissack in 2019; the BCSSS purchased the rights for the re-publication of this volume in 200?. In 2018, the original editor expressed his wish to pass on the stewardship over the maintenance and further development of the encyclopedia to the Bertalanffy Center. In the future, the BCSSS seeks to further develop the encyclopedia by open collaboration within the systems sciences. Until the center has found and been able to implement an adequate technical solution for this, the static website is made accessible for the benefit of public scholarship and education.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

ETHICS as related to Mindscapes 4)

Ethics has been defined as the "science of the oughts"(A. BAHM, 1992)

But to make it a "science", we would need precise criteria about the way these "oughts"-should be defined, which is of course quite difficult.

According to M. MARUYAMA (1994, p. 125-6) the ethical attitudes are quite diverse and become established on the basis of the very different mindscapes dominant in distinct cultures.

He thus distinguishes the following basic ethic pronouncements by the representants of the four basic psychomental types he describes:

- the H type (homogeneistic, hierarchical) considers that "the stronger should dominate the weaker"(thus "order reigns ")

- the I type (heterogenist, randomizing) thinks that "everybody should be self-sufficient"(being poor is a person's own fault")

- the S type (heterogenist, cooperative) believes the "different individuals should help one another"(Harmony should be seeked and maintained)

- the G type (heterogenist, co-creative) vows that "New diversity should be generated" (Change is good and should be sought for")

Of course these divergent views are the main cause of the eternal and labyrinthic search for an ethics acceptable by everybody.

Maruyama applies the same views to aesthetics (Ibid, p. 126-7)

Categories

  • 1) General information
  • 2) Methodology or model
  • 3) Epistemology, ontology and semantics
  • 4) Human sciences
  • 5) Discipline oriented

Publisher

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science(2020).

To cite this page, please use the following information:

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science (2020). Title of the entry. In Charles François (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics (2). Retrieved from www.systemspedia.org/[full/url]


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