BCSSS

International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics

2nd Edition, as published by Charles François 2004 Presented by the Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science Vienna for public access.

About

The International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics was first edited and published by the system scientist Charles François in 1997. The online version that is provided here was based on the 2nd edition in 2004. It was uploaded and gifted to the center by ASC president Michael Lissack in 2019; the BCSSS purchased the rights for the re-publication of this volume in 200?. In 2018, the original editor expressed his wish to pass on the stewardship over the maintenance and further development of the encyclopedia to the Bertalanffy Center. In the future, the BCSSS seeks to further develop the encyclopedia by open collaboration within the systems sciences. Until the center has found and been able to implement an adequate technical solution for this, the static website is made accessible for the benefit of public scholarship and education.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z

INTEGRATION as a dynamic process 1)2)

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As a process, integration is in J. KHAN's words:" The coordination of all elements in a shared and mutually beneficial order" (1992, p.991). Such a process is progressive, but may result, at a critical moment, in sudden clinching.

As observed by J.L. LEMOIGNE, integration is not a state of a system, but on the contrary an aspect of its dynamics.

The system's activity must be permanently coordinated, and not merely once under the guise of a stiff diagram.

LEMOIGNE writes: "The static diagram of a net, many times termed in theory of organization as a flow chart (note: in French: organigramme), only shows the prohibited (or supposedly obligatory) interconnexions and does not reveal by itself the potential properties that could result from (some other) possible connexions" (1977, p.194).

Any description of a system under the guise of an unique instantaneous and supposedly permanent state is an unwarranted reduction of the system's concept itself: any structure offers a double synchronic and diachronic character, which corresponds with the various aspects of a functional process.

Categories

  • 1) General information
  • 2) Methodology or model
  • 3) Epistemology, ontology and semantics
  • 4) Human sciences
  • 5) Discipline oriented

Publisher

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science(2020).

To cite this page, please use the following information:

Bertalanffy Center for the Study of Systems Science (2020). Title of the entry. In Charles François (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Systems and Cybernetics (2). Retrieved from www.systemspedia.org/[full/url]

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